专题复习四·英语 情态动词和助动词

□编者阿拍统筹柳冰

一、中考知识提要

1.情态动词主要用来表示说话人的看法、态度等 ，它是英语动词中较难把握的一类 ，也是每年中考必考内容之一。一些常见情态动词的常用意义往往为中考考查的焦点 ，考生须确切理解其含义并根据句子意思选择正确的情态动词。

2.掌握情态动词的基本词义及其用法是把握情态动词的关键 ，同时要认真比较每个情态动词的用法 ，注意其细 微 差别 ，如shal,can,must,shoul,will的用法差异；熟悉每个情态动词的适用场合 ，根据语境及说话人的语气选择恰当的情态动词。

3.掌握助动词的意义：协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词。

助动词自身没有词义 ，不可单独使用。

4.掌握英语中助动词的5个主要功能：表示时态、表示语态、构成疑问句、与否定副词not连用构成否定句、加强语气。

5.最常见的助动词有：be、have、do、will、does、did等

二、中考命题特点

随着中考命题改革的深入 ，命题的角度和思路都在翻新 ，但不管怎样变化 ，还是脱离不了词的基本词义、词与词在使用上的细微差别和基本的语法框架。通过对近几年中考情态动词和助动词考点的分析、探究 ，可以看出中考对这两类动词的考查非常稳定 ，即它们的基本用法和推测用法。

中考考点的“稳定性”告诉我们：中考英语命题是有规律的 ，不仅有规律 ，而且有很强的规律性。在复习迎考过程中 ，不仅要认真准备书本上成百上千的知识点(这是基础)，但更重要的还要去研究历届中考试题中的重要考点(这是捷径)，提高复习效率。

三、中考解题指导

熟练掌握情态动词一般后面只能接省略to的动词不定式。情态动词没有人称、数的变化 ，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。情态动词没有非谓语形式 ，即没有不定式、分词等形式。

四、中考解题范例

例题1!!—— —IsawKevininthesupermarketthismorning.

—— —No,it______him.HemovedtoCanadalastyear.（2010广东）

A.canbeB.mustbeC.can'tbeD.mustn'tbe分析与解答：本题考查情态动词的用法。情态动词表示猜测的用法 ，canbe表示可能是 ，mustbe表示一定是 ，can'tbe表示不可能是 ，mustn'tbe表示禁止；由句意得知 ，凯文今天早上不可能在超市 ，所以选择C。

例题2!!—— —Didyousleepwel

lastnight？

—— —Farfromthat!Oneofmyneighborsmusicprettyloud.

（2010浙江宁波）

AplaysBisplayingCwasplayingDwouldplaying分析与解答：由答句可知 ，昨天晚上其中一位邻居大声地播放音乐 ，应该用过去进行时 ，其构成结构为助动词was/weredoing,故答案为C。

例题3!!—— —Whyistheclassroom

sodirty？

—— —Sorry,Sir,ityesterday,

weforgottodoit.（2010浙江宁波）

Adoesn'tcleanBdidn'tcleanCisn'tcleanedDwasn'tcleaned分析与解答：由sorry可知教室没有被打扫。时间为过去 ，需用过去式的被动语态 ，即助动词was/were+done，故答案为D。

五、典型练习题

1.Thecitycleaners______repeattheirworkmanytimesadaywhenthe

streetsareverydirty.

A.canB.mightC.haveto2.—— —MustIstayathomeand

takecareofthebaby？

—— —No,you______.

A.mustn'tB.won'tC.needn't

3.—— —_____Itrytheshoeson,please？—— —Certainly.Hereyouare.

A.MayB.WoulC.Will4.—— —Doyouknowwhyshe_____Mr.Wangtomorrow？—— —Shehaschangedhermind.

A.won'tvisitB.didn'tvisitC.doesn'tvisit5.Howinterestingthecomputer

gameis!Why_____joinus？

A.won'tB.notC.don't

6.—— —MayIgotothecinema,dad？—— —No,you____.Youmustfinishyourhomeworkfirst.

A.mustn'tB.won'tC.don't

7.—— —What'sinthebag,Alice？—— —There____sometomatoes.

Wouldyouliketohaveone？

A.isB.areC.have

8.—— —Mrs.Brownisateacher,

_____she？

—— —Yes.SheteachesinNo.1MiddleSchool.

A.isB.doesC.isn't9.Busesandcars_____stopwhenthetrafficlghtsarered.

A.canB.mustC.may10.—— —SARSissuchaterribledisease.—— —Yes,itis.We____bevery

morecareful.

A.canB.mayC.should11.—— —____Idownloaditagain？ —— —No,youneedn't.

A.MustB.WillC.Shal

12.Thisdictionary_____Lily's.Isawherusinghersjustnow.

A.willbeB.maybeC.can'tbe13.—— —Shallwegotothesafeplace？—— —There_____beafire.Call

119atonce.

A.maybeB.mustC.could14.—— —Isthemanthereourmathsteacher？—— —He____be,butI'mnot

sure.

A.can'tB.canC.may15.—— —____Ihaveyourname,please？—— —Yes,Smith.S-M-I-T-H.

A.MustB.MayC.Wil16.You______goandaskMary.

She_____knowtheanswer.

A.must,canB.can,mayC.

need,can

17.—— —Canyougoswimming

withus？

—— —Sorry,Ican't.I____takecareofmylittlsisterathomebecausemymotherisil.

A.canB.havetoC.would

18.—— —Bytheway._____you

seentheword“brunch”before？

—— —Notyet.

A.HaveB.DidC.Would

19.Theoldmancanhardlysee

anything,_______he？A.canB.can'tC.doesn't20.There_____altofpeopleatthestreetcornerwhentheaccidenthap－pened.

A.areB.wereC.was

21.—— —Mustweclantheclass－roomnow？—— —No,youneedn't.It

_____afterschool.

A.mayclanB.mustclanC.canbecleaned

22.—— —Ican'tfindmykey.Haveyouseenitanywhere？ —— —It____be

inyourhandbag.

A.mayB.canbeC.maybe23.—— —____you____yourhomework,Bob？—— —Yes,Ihave.

A.did,finishB.Willfinish

C.Have,finished24.Youhaveahighfever.You_____inbedandhavesomemedicine.

A.maystayB.muststayC.canstay25.TheSmithswereverypooratthattimeand_______sendtheirsonto

school.

A.couldnotB.couldnotabletoC.cannot26.I'mhungrynow.______dosomecooking？

A.ShallweB.WillI

C.Shallus27.Hisfatheranywashinginthemorning.

A.doesn'tdoB.doesn'tC.doesn'tdoes28.I1000Englshwordsinthepastthreeyears.

A.havelearnedB.hadlearnedC.wouldlearn29.Howlongyouthebicy－

cle？

A.have…boughtB.have…hadC.did…buy30.MybrotherknowsLondonverywellHetheremanytimes.

A.hasbeenB.hasgoneC.was31.Thechilrenwanttoknowif

MissGreenfreetomorrow.

A.isB.isgoingtoC.willbe

32.Mr.Brownisnotathome.

He tothelibrary.

A.hasgoneB.hasbeenC.hadbeen33.Tom_____hishomeworkaf－

terbreakfastyesterday.

A.doesn'tdoB.doesn'tC.didn'tdo34.He______withusatthistimeyesterdaymorning.

A.doesn'tgoswimmingB.wasswimmingC.didn'tgoswimming35.There______abasketballmatchonourschoolthedayaftertomorrow.

A.willhaveB.willbeC.isgoingtohave36._____you______usatalkthisafternoon？A.Are,givingB.Are,given

C.Will,give

37.Look!LiLei_____JimwithhisChinese.

A.ishelpingB.hashelpedC.isgoingtohelp38.Don'tmakeanynoise.Theba－

by______.

A.hassleptB.issleptC.issleeping39.ThestudentsofClass1_____afootballgamenow.Let'sgoandwatch.

A.arehavingB.willhaveC.ishaving40.HowmanyEnglshsongs____you_____upuntilnow?A.have,learnedB.did,learnC.had,larned

41.Mymother_____breakfastwhileI______myfacethismorning.

A.cooked,wascookingB.wascooking,waswashingC.wascooking42.John___cometoseeus

tonight,butheisn'tverysureyet.

A.mayB.canC.hasto43.—— —MayItakethisbookout？ —— —No,you___.

A.can'tB.maynotC.needn't44.You___goandseeadoctoratoncebecauseyou'regotafever.

A.canB.mustC.dare45.—— —CanyouspeakJapanese？—— —No,I____.

A.mustn'tB.can'tC.needn'tKeys%

1-5CCAAB6-10ABCBC11-15ACBCB16-20BBAAB21-25CACBA26-30AAABA31-35CACBB36-40CACAA41-45BAABB

新闻推荐

为避让急拐弯的高顶篷 大货车“舍身”侧翻

...